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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.1

Ex 2.1 Class 10 Maths Question 1:
The graphs of y = p(x) are given below for some polynomials p(x). Find the number of zeroes of p(x) in each case.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Q1

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Q2

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Q3
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.1 Q1

You can also download the free PDF of Ex 2.1 Class 10 Polynomials NCERT Solutions or save the solution images and take the print out to keep it handy for your exam preparation.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.2

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.2 are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths. Here we have given Maths NCERT Solutions Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomials Exercise 2.2.

Ex 2.2 Class 10 Maths Question 1.
Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship between the zeroes and their coefficients:
(i) x2 – 2x – 8
(ii) 4s2 – 4s + 1
(iii) 6x2 – 3 – 7x
(iv) 4u2 + 8u
(v) t2 – 15
(vi) 3x2 – x – 4
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.2 Q1

Ex 2.2 Class 10 Maths Question 2.
Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of zeroes respectively:
NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.2 Q1
Solution:
Polynomials Class 10 Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions Ex 2.2 Q2

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.3

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.3 are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths. Here we have given Maths NCERT Solutions Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomials Exercise 2.3.
Ex 2.3 Class 10 Maths Question 1.
Divide the polynomial p(x) by the polynomial g(x) and find the quotient and remainder in each of the following:
(i) p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 5x – 3, g(x) = x2 – 2
(ii) p(x) = x4 – 3x2 + 4x + 5, g(x) = x2 + 1 – x
(iii) p(x) = x4– 5x + 6, g(x) = 2 – x2
Solution:

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.3 Q1

Ex 2.3 Class 10 Maths Question 2.
Check whether the first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial by dividing the second polynomial by the first polynomial.
(i) t2 – 3, 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2– 9t – 12
(ii) x2 + 3x + 1, 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x + 2
(iii) x2 + 3x + 1, x5 – 4x+ x2 + 3x + 1
Solution:
Polynomials class 10 Ex 2.3 Maths NCERT Solutions Q2
Ex 2.3 Class 10 Maths Question 3.
Obtain all other zeroes of 3x4 + 6x3 – 2x2 – 10x – 5, if two of its zeroes are  and 53−−√ and –53−−√
Solution:
Polynomials Class 10 Chapter 2 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 2.3 Q3
Ex 2.3 Class 10 Maths Question 4.
On dividing x– 3x2 + x + 2bya polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder were x – 2 and -2x + 4 respectively. Find g(x).
Solution:
Polynomials NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.3 Q4
Ex 2.3 Class 10 Maths Question 5.
Give examples of polynomials p(x), g(x), q(x) and r(x), which satisfy the division algorithm and:
(i) deg p(x) = deg q(x)
(ii) deg q(x) = deg r(x)
(iii) deg r(x) = 0
Solution:
Polynomials Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Chapter 2 Ex 2.3 Q5

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.4

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.4 are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths. Here we have given Maths NCERT Solutions Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomials Exercise 2.4.
Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths Question 1.
Verify that the numbers given alongside of the cubic polynomials below are their zeroes. Also, verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients in each case:
(i) 2x3 + x2 – 5x + 2;  1/4, 1, -2
(ii) x3 – 4x2 + 5x – 2; 2, 1, 1
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials Ex 2.4 Q1

Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths Question 2.
Find a cubic polynomial with the sum, some of the product of its zeroes taken two at a time, and the product of its zeroes as 2, -7, -14 respectively.
Solution:
Polynomials Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Chapter 2 Ex 2.4 Q2
Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths Question 3.
If the zeroes of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are a-b, a, a + b, find a and b.
Solution:
Polynomials Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Exercise 2.4 Q3
Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths Question 4.
If two zeroes of the polynomial x4 – 6x3 – 26x+ 138x – 35 are 2 ± √3, find other zeroes.
Solution:
Polynomials Exercise 2.4 Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Q4
Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths Question 5.
If the polynomial x4 – 6x3 + 16x2 – 25x + 10 is divided by another polynomial x2 – 2x + k, the remainder comes out to be x + a, find k and a.
Solution:
Polynomials Ex 2.4 Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Q4

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2

Extra Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials. According to new CBSE Exam Pattern, MCQ Questions for Class 10 Maths Carries 20 Marks.

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q1

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q5

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q6

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q7

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q8

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q9

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q10

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q11

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q12

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q13

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q14

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q15

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q16

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q17

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q18

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q19

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q20

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q21

Polynomials Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 2 Q22

Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials

Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Very Short Answer (1 Mark)

Question 1.
If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the value of k. (2012)
Solution:
Here a = 3, b = -k, c = 6
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = b/a = 3 …..(given)
⇒ (k)/3 = 3
⇒ k = 9

Question 2.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c, find the value of α2 + β2. (2013)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 1

Question 3.
If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12 is 1, then find the value of k. (2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12
Here a = k2 – 14, b = -2, c = -12
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = 1 …[Given]
⇒ b/a = 1
⇒ (2)/k214 = 1
⇒ k2 – 14 = 2
⇒ k2 = 16
⇒ k = ±4

Question 4.
If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial such that α + β = -6 and αβ = 5, then find the polynomial. (2016 D)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P = 0
⇒ x2 – (-6)x + 5 = 0
⇒ x2 + 6x + 5 = 0

Question 5.
A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -4 and -5, is …. (2016 D)
Solution:
x2 + 9x + 20 is the required polynomial.

Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer-I (2 Marks)

Question 6.
Find the condition that zeroes of polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each other. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Let α and 1/α be the zeroes of P(x).
P(a) = ax2 + bx + c …(given)
Product of zeroes = c/a
⇒ α × 1/α = c/a
⇒ 1 = c/a
⇒ a = c (Required condition)
Coefficient of x2 = Constant term

Question 7.
Form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3 + √2 and 3 – √2. (2012)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes,
S = (3 + √2) + (3 – √2) = 6
Product of zeroes,
P = (3 + √2) x (3 – √2) = (3)2 – (√2)2 = 9 – 2 = 7
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 6x + 7

Question 8.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the stun and product of whose zeroes are √3 and 1/3 respectively. (2014)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes, (S) = √3
Product of zeroes, (P) = 1/3
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 2

Question 9.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0 and -√2 respectively. (2015)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial is
x2 – (Sum of zeroes) x + (Product of zeroes)
= x2 – (0)x + (-√2)
= x2 – √2

Question 10.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial √3 x2 – 8x + 4√3. (2013)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 3

Question 11.
If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of 2x2 – 5x – 3, find the value of p and q. (2012)
Solution:
We have, 2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0
= 2x2 – 6x + x – 3
= 2x(x – 3) + 1(x – 3)
= (x – 3) (2x + 1)
Zeroes are:
x – 3 = 0 or 2x + 1 = 0
⇒ x = 3 or x = 1/2
Since the zeroes of required polynomial is double of given polynomial.
Zeroes of the required polynomial are:
3 × 2, (1/2 × 2), i.e., 6, -1
Sum of zeroes, S = 6 + (-1) = 5
Product of zeroes, P = 6 × (-1) = -6
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P
⇒ x2 – 5x – 6 …(i)
Comparing (i) with x2 + px + q
p = -5, q = -6

Question 12.
Can (x – 2) be the remainder on division of a polynomial p(x) by (2x + 3)? Justify your answer. (2016 OD)
Solution:
In case of division of a polynomial by another polynomial, the degree of the remainder (polynomial) is always less than that of the divisor. (x – 2) can not be the remainder when p(x) is divided by (2x + 3) as the degree is the same.

Question 13.
Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3+5/5 and 35/5. (2013)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 4

Question 14.
Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are -2 and -5. Verify the relationship between zeroes and coefficients of the polynomial. (2013)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes, S = (-2) + (-5) = -7
Product of zeroes, P = (-2)(-5) = 10
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P = 0
= x2 – (-7)x + 10
= x2 + 7x + 10
Verification:
Here a = 1, b = 7, c = 10
Sum of zeroes = (-2) + (-5) = 7
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 5
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 6

Question 15.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – 75 and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients. (2014)
Solution:
We have, 3x2 – 75
= 3(x2 – 25)
= 3(x2 – 52)
= 3(x – 5)(x + 5)
Zeroes are:
x – 5 = 0 or x + 5 = 0
x = 5 or x = -5
Verification:
Here a = 3, b = 0, c = -75
Sum of the zeroes = 5 + (-5) = 0
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 7

Question 16.
Find the zeroes of p(x) = 2x2 – x – 6 and verify the relationship of zeroes with these co-efficients. (2017 OD)
Solution:
p(x) = 2x2 – x – 6 …[Given]
= 2x2 – 4x + 3x – 6
= 2x (x – 2) + 3 (x – 2)
= (x – 2) (2x + 3)
Zeroes are:
x – 2 = 0 or 2x + 3 = 0
x = 2 or x = 3/2
Verification:
Here a = 2, b = -1, c = -6
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 8

Question 17.
What must be subtracted from the polynomial f(x) = x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 12x + 21 so that the resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by x2 – 4x + 3? (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 9
(2x – 3) should be subtracted from x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 12x + 21.

Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer-II (3 Marks)

Question 18.
Verify whether 2, 3 and 1/2 are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 2x3 – 11x2 + 17x – 6. (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = 2x3 – 11x2 + 17x – 6
When x = 2,
p(2) = 2(2)3 – 11(2)2 + 17(2) – 6 = 16 – 44 + 34 – 6 = 0
When x = 3, p(3) = 2(3)3 – 11(3)2 + 17(3) – 6 = 54 – 99 + 51 – 6 = 0
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 10
Yes, x = 2, 3 and 1/2 all are the zeroes of the given polynomial.

Question 19.
Show that 1/2 and 3/2 are the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 + 4x – 3 and verify the relationship between zeroes and co-efficients of polynomial. (2013)
Solution:
Let P(x) = 4x2 + 4x – 3
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 11

Question 20.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are -8 and 12 respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2014)
Solution:
Let Sum of zeroes (α + β) = S = -8 …[Given]
Product of zeroes (αβ) = P = 12 …[Given]
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P
= x2 – (-8)x + 12
= x2 + 8x + 12
= x2 + 6x + 2x + 12
= x(x + 6) + 2(x + 6)
= (x + 2)(x + 6)
Zeroes are:
x + 2 = 0 or x + 6 = 0
x = -2 or x = -6

Question 21.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0 and 3/5 respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2015)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – (Sum)x + Product
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 12

Question 22.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial. (2015, 2016 OD)
Solution:
We have, 6x2 – 3 – 7x
= 6x2 – 7x – 3
= 6x2 – 9x + 2x – 3
= 3x(2x – 3) + 1(2x – 3)
= (2x – 3) (3x + 1)
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 13

Question 23.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 3x – 28 and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the co-efficients of the polynomial. (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = x2 – 3x – 28
= x2 – 7x + 4x – 28
= x(x – 7) + 4(x – 7)
= (x – 7) (x + 4)
Zeroes are:
x – 7 = 0 or x + 4 = 0
x = 7 or x = -4
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 14

Question 24.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 6y2 – 7y + 2, find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 1α and 1/β. (2012)
Solution:
Given: 6y2 – 7y + 2
Here a = 6, b = -7, c = 2
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 15

Question 25.
Divide 3x2 + 5x – 1 by x + 2 and verify the division algorithm. (2013 OD)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 16
Quotient = 3x – 1
Remainder = 1
Verification:
Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
= (x + 2) × (3x – 1) + 1
= 3x– x + 6x – 2 + 1
= 3x2 + 5x – 1
= Dividend

Question 26.
On dividing 3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 by a polynomial g(x) the quotient and remainder were 3x +10 and 16x – 43 respectively. Find the polynomial g(x). (2017 OD)
Solution:
Let 3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 = P(x)
q(x) = 3x + 10, r(x) = 16x – 43 …[Given]
As we know, P(x) = g(x) . q(x) + r(x)
3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 = g(x) . (3x + 10) + (16x – 43)
3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 – 16x + 43 = g(x) . (3x + 10)
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 16

Question 27.
Check whether polynomial x – 1 is a factor of the polynomial x3 – 8x2 + 19x – 12. Verify by division algorithm. (2014)
Solution:
Let P(x) = x3 – 8x2 + 19x – 12
Put x = 1
P(1) = (1)3 – 8(1)2 + 19(1) – 12
= 1 – 8 + 19 – 12
= 20 – 20
= 0
Remainder = 0
(x – 1) is a facter of P(x).
Verification:
Important QImportant Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 17uestions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 16
Since remainder = 0
(x – 1) is a factor of P(x).

Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer (4 Marks)

Question 28.
Divide 4x3 + 2x2 + 5x – 6 by 2x2 + 1 + 3x and verify the division algorithm. (2013)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 18
Quotient = 2x – 2
Remainder = 9x – 4
Verification:
Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
= (2x2 + 3x + 1) × (2x – 2) + 9x – 4
= 4x3 – 4x2 + 6x2 – 6x + 2x – 2 + 9x – 4
= 4x3 + 2x2 + 5x – 6
= Dividend

Question 29.
Given that x – √5 is a factor of the polynomial x3 – 3√5 x2 – 5x + 15√5, find all the zeroes of the polynomial. (2012, 2016)
Solution:
Let P(x) = x3 – 3√5 x2 – 5x + 15√5
x – √5 is a factor of the given polynomial.
Put x = -√5,
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 19
Other zero:
x – 3√5 = 0 ⇒ x = 3√5
All the zeroes of P(x) are -√5, √5 and 3√5.

Question 30.
If a polynomial x4 + 5x3 + 4x2 – 10x – 12 has two zeroes as -2 and -3, then find the other zeroes. (2014)
Solution:
Since two zeroes are -2 and -3.
(x + 2)(x + 3) = x2 + 3x + 2x + 6 = x2 + 5x + 6
Dividing the given equation with x2 + 5x + 6, we get
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 20
x4 + 5x+ 4x2 – 10x – 12
= (x2 + 5x + 6)(x2 – 2)
= (x + 2)(x + 3)(x – √2 )(x + √2 )
Other zeroes are:
x – √2 = 0 or x + √2 = 0
x = √2 or x = -√2

Question 31.
Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 8x4 + 8x3 – 18x2 – 20x – 5, if it is given that two of its zeroes are √5/2 and −√5/2. (2014, 2016 D)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 21
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 22

Question 32.
If p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + kx + 5 is divided by (x – 2), the remainder is 11. Find k. Hence find all the zeroes of x3 + kx2 + 3x + 1. (2012)
Solution:
p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + kx + 5,
When x – 2,
p(2) = (2)3 – 2(2)2 + k(2) + 5
⇒ 11 = 8 – 8 + 2k + 5
⇒ 11 – 5 = 2k
⇒ 6 = 2k
⇒ k = 3
Let q(x) = x3 + kx2 + 3x + 1
= x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1
= x3 + 1 + 3x2 + 3x
= (x)3 + (1)3 + 3x(x + 1)
= (x + 1)3
= (x + 1) (x + 1) (x + 1) …[∵ a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b) = (a + b)3]
All zeroes are:
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
Hence zeroes are -1, -1 and -1.

Question 33.
If α and β are zeroes of p(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4, such that α2 + β2 = 24, find k. (2013)
Solution:
We have, p(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4
Here a = k, b = 4, c = 4
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 23
⇒ 24k2 = 16 – 8k
⇒ 24k2 + 8k – 16 = 0
⇒ 3k2 + k – 2 = 0 …[Dividing both sides by 8]
⇒ 3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0
⇒ 3k(k + 1) – 2(k + 1) = 0
⇒ (k + 1)(3k – 2) = 0
⇒ k + 1 = 0 or 3k – 2 = 0
⇒ k = -1 or k = 2/3

Question 34.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 2x2 + 5x + k, satisfying the relation, α2 + β2 + αβ = 21/4 then find the value of k. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Given polynomial is p(x) = 2x2 + 5x + k
Here a = 2, b = 5, c = k
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 24

Question 35.
What must be subtracted from p(x) = 8x4 + 14x3 – 2x2 + 8x – 12 so that 4x2 + 3x – 2 is factor of p(x)? This question was given to group of students for working together. (2015)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 25
Polynomial to be subtracted by (15x – 14).

Question 36.
Find the values of a and b so that x4 + x3 + 8x2 +ax – b is divisible by x2 + 1. (2015)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 26
If x4 + x3 + 8x2 + ax – b is divisible by x2 + 1
Remainder = 0
(a – 1)x – b – 7 = 0
(a – 1)x + (-b – 7) = 0 . x + 0
a – 1 = 0, -b – 7 = 0
a = 1, b = -7
a = 1, b = -7

Question 37.
If a polynomial 3x4 – 4x3 – 16x2 + 15x + 14 is divided by another polynomial x2 – 4, the remainder comes out to be px + q. Find the value of p and q. (2014)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 27

Question 38.
If the polynomial (x4 + 2x3 + 8x2 + 12x + 18) is divided by another polynomial (x2 + 5), the remainder comes out to be (px + q), find the values of p and q.
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials 28
Remainder = 2x + 3
px + q = 2x + 3
p = 2 and q = 3.

CBSE Class 10 Maths Notes Chapter 2 Polynomials

  • “Polynomial” comes from the word ‘Poly’ (Meaning Many) and ‘nomial’ (in this case meaning Term)-so it means many terms.
  • A polynomial is made up of terms that are only added, subtracted or multiplied.
  • A quadratic polynomial in x with real coefficients is of the form ax² + bx + c, where a, b, c are real numbers with a ≠ 0.
  • Degree – The highest exponent of the variable in the polynomial is called the degree of polynomial. Example: 3x3 + 4, here degree = 3.
  • Polynomials of degrees 1, 2 and 3 are called linear, quadratic and cubic polynomial respectively.
  • A polynomial can have terms which have Constants like 3, -20, etc., Variables like x and y and Exponents like 2 in y².
  • These can be combined using addition, subtraction and multiplication but NOT DIVISION.
  • The zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are precisely the x-coordinates of the points, where the graph of y = p(x) intersects the x-axis.

Zeroes (α, β, γ) follow the rules of algebraic identities, i.e.,
(α + β)² = α² + β² + 2αβ
∴(α² + β²) = (α + β)² – 2αβ

DIVISION ALGORITHM:
If p(x) and g(x) are any two polynomials with g(x) ≠ 0, then
p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x)
Dividend = Divisor x Quotient + Remainder

Remember this!

  • If r (x) = 0, then g (x) is a factor of p (x).
  • If r (x) ≠ 0, then we can subtract r (x) from p (x) and then the new polynomial formed is a factor of g(x) and q(x).

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